International Journal of Politics & Social Sciences Review (IJPSSR)

The Role of Collaborative Culture between Servant Leadership and Project Success

Mirwais Ahmadzai — 2024-02-19

This study examines the complex connections between servant leadership (SL), collaborative culture (CC), and project success (PS) in the non-governmental organizations (NGOs) sector in Kabul, Afghanistan. The objectives were to analyse the direct influence of servant leadership on PS and to explore the intermediary function of CC in the connection between SL and PS. An adopted structured survey was used to collect data from a varied sample of 230 respondents from various NGOs in Kabul. To identify the underlying relationship, statistical analysis was performed using regression analysis and Hayes' Process Macro. The results highlighted the enormous impact of servant leadership on PS, as demonstrated by a large cause-and-effect relationship. Furthermore, the statistical significance of the correlation between CC and PS was confirmed. Significantly, the study found that collaborative culture plays an important role in mediating the relationship between SL and PS, serving as a channel for their connection. The findings of this study expand our comprehension of leadership dynamics in the Afghan NGO sector. They highlight the significance of cultivating collaborative cultures and using servant leadership to improve the effectiveness of projects.

The United Nations' Involvement in Bangladesh's Liberation War: A Detailed Analysis

Md. Firoz Al Mamun — 2024-06-28

On March 26, 1971, the Bangladeshi independence struggle against domestic imperialism and ethnic discrimination in Pakistan got underway. March 26, 1971, saw the start of the Bangladeshi independence movement against domestic imperialism and ethnic discrimination in Pakistan. The United Nations gave relief and humanitarian activities first priority starting in the Liberation War and continuing until November. The UN Security Council was called in when India and Pakistan entered the Liberation War on December 3. The Security Council meetings continued as different suggestions and counterproposals were presented. In the Security Council, there was a clash between the USSR and US. While the USSR helped Bangladesh, China and the US helped Pakistan. Keeping their positions neutral, France and Britain did not cast votes in the Security Council. The Security Council could not therefore come to an agreement. On December 6, after discussion and an official decision, the Security Council sent the agenda to the General Assembly. On December 7, a resolution headed "Unity Formula for Peace" was overwhelmingly approved at the General Assembly. As India and Bangladesh rejected this idea, the US called a second Security Council session. Sessions of the Security Council were held at various intervals between December 12 and 21. Everything changed dramatically when Bangladesh gained its independence on December 16. The protracted Bangladesh war was essentially resolved on December 21 when the Security Council unanimously approved a ceasefire resolution.

A Stylistic Analysis of Imagery and Symbolism in William Wordsworth’s “Tintern Abbey”

Khalid — 2024-06-30

The Study shows a detailed stylistic analysis of the poem “Tintern Abbey” written by William Wordsworth on focusing the use of symbolism and imagery. The study investigate that how Wordsworth uses visual and symbolic elements, the study also aims to uncover the sophisticated themes and emotions conveyed through his poetic techniques. The study categories and identifies different types of symbolism and imagery, interpreting their meanings and exploring their contributions to the poem’s thematic framework. Also, the study situates “Tintern Abbey” within William Wordsworth’s broader body of work and the Romantic tradition, focusing on its legacy, importance and significance. Through a combination of linguistics, pragmatic, narrative and cognitive stylistic approaches, the research offers a multidimensional reading of the poem, revealing how William Wordsworth’s use of language aligns with Romantic Ideals and develops the reader’s appreciation of poetic craft. This analysis not only provides valuable insights into Wordsworth’s stylistic choices but also contributes to the broader field of literary stylistics and Romantic studies.

The Determinants of Corporate Social Responsibility: The case of Surrounding Finfine Oromia Special Zone

Bekabil Endale Rago — 2024-06-30

The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants of CSR: the case of Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinnee. Regarding CSR, prior studies were limited to customer and employee satisfaction and neglected the local community's worth of research findings. The study used both primary and secondary sources of data. A multistage purposive, proportional probability system, stratified simple random sampling technique was employed to select 154 samples, while 143 respondents responded to the questionnaires. The data collected were analyzed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (Logit econometric model) analysis.

In line with the general conceptual understanding of CSR, the result of the finding reveals that the majority of respondents did not have a detailed understanding of the subject. Regarding practices applied by firms, findings reveal only one third of companies were committed to engaging in CSR. Financial donations based on requests, supporting infrastructural development, sponsoring social events and cultures, and employment opportunities are most of the activities that are implemented by firms.

The study investigated that firm size, profitability, media pressure, age of the company and legal environment variables are statistically significant at 5 percent level of confidence keeping other things constant holding their expected positive signs. While the company's diverse board of directors and family ownership are statistically significant at a 10% level of confidence, keeping other variables constant is a positive expected sign. Among explanatory variables, industry type was not statistically significant. Based on the study results, the researcher recommends that there should be regular dialogue and communication to enhance the understanding of CSR. Policymakers should give due attention by formulating legal bindings and motivating stakeholders through the media. Moreover, companies should be obliged to disclose their CSR implementation at regular intervals of time.

Revolutionary Voices: Percy Bysshe Shelley and Allen Ginsber

Khalid — 2024-06-30

The works of Percy Bysshe Shelley and Allen Ginsberg, two radical anti-establishment bards are united by the common roost of political and social revolution; this paper examines these inter-textual themes. This study seeks to determine whether and how a specific poetic technique - allusion -as employed by poets Shelley (in "The Masque of Anarchy" and "Ode to The West Wind") and Ginsberg ("Howl" and "America") can be regarded as a form of political subversion, such that, through an intense and sustained formal engagement with the substance of a society, one may resist, and ultimately seek to transform. Using inter-textuality, the study demonstrates common motifs and themes that reveal the lasting nature by which poetry can encapsulate radical thinking. The analysis contextualizes their poetry historically and culturally to illustrate how their poems engage with socio-political matters. The research elucidates how revolutionary ideologies in literature are cross-generational by showing the trans-historical nature of the poetic voice as a force of perpetual social revolution. This puts Shelley and Ginsberg back into the literary canon and reminds us of the way in which they have shaped current intellectual and practical social and political movements. Though one may have an explicit sense of how talented they are, this study presents the genius of their work in a more subdued fashion, and why their revolutionary discourse was so influential.

Nature as a Source of Morality: An Analysis of Daffodils

Sayeda Mahnoor — 2024-06-30

This study examines into the complex relationship between nature and human psychology through an analysis of William Wordsworth’s poem “Daffodils.” Historically, the therapeutic and inspirational attributes of nature were highlighted by philosophers such as Aristotle and Hippocrates. Modern research supports these views, indicating that natural environments can significantly reduce stress, improve mood, and enhance cognitive functions, as illustrated by Kaplan's Attention Restoration Theory and Ulrich’s Stress Reduction Theory. The Romantic era, especially Wordsworth's oeuvre, highlights a profound connection between nature, inspiration, and moral development. Wordsworth’s poetry, particularly "Daffodils," depicts nature as a spiritual and moral mentor, facilitating deep emotional and intellectual growth. This study investigates how nature fosters moral reflection and personal growth through psychological processes such as empathy, emotional regulation, and cognitive restoration. By dissecting "Daffodils," the research underscores nature’s role in promoting introspection and ethical clarity. The significance of this study lies in its implications for mental health practices and environmental education, advocating for increased interactions with nature to enhance well-being and encourage pro-environmental behaviors. Bridging the disciplines of literature and psychology, the thesis demonstrates how nature-themed poetry like Wordsworth’s can contribute to emotional and moral development, reinforcing the relevance of his insights into the human-nature connection and suggesting the integration of nature-based therapies and educational programs to cultivate a harmonious relationship with the environment.